Study shows that wages have improved for foreign-born Latinos

The share of foreign-born Latinos earning the lowest wages among hourly wage workers fell 6 percent over the decade ending in 2005, the Pew Hispanic Center reported Tuesday.

In 2005, 36 percent of Latino workers earned the least among hourly wage workers _ less than $8.50 (€6.31) an hour _ down from 42 percent in 1995, according to the center's analysis of U.S. Census data.

In the same period, the portion of foreign-born Latinos earning low-middle to middle wages _ from $8.50 (€6.31) an hour to $16.20 (€12.02) an hour in 2005 _ grew by about 5 percent.

The number of Latinos on the lowest end of the wage scale still grew by 1.2 million workers.

But that was about 6,000 fewer people than would be expected based on the growth of the foreign-born Hispanic population, said Rakesh Kochar, the center's associate director for research.

In addition, half of newly arrived Latino immigrant workers were among the lowest wage earners in 2005, down from 64 percent in 1995.

New arrivals also were older, better educated and more likely to be employed in construction than agriculture, the report said.

"Construction has definitely been beneficial," Kochar said.

Legal and illegal workers were considered for the study but researchers did not differentiate between them in their analysis. Census does not ask immigration status.

The study also did not analyze the effect of illegal workers on the wage earnings of U.S. workers.

The center also found:

_A third of foreign-born Asian workers were in the highest wage group, earning more than $24.03 (€17.83) an hour in 2005, up from a fourth.

_The share of Mexican-born workers in the lowest wage class fell from 48 percent in 1995 to 40 percent in 2005.

_There was no significant change for native-born African Americans or native-born Hispanics, with half of each group in the lower and lower-middle wage groups in 2005 and 1995.

_Native born, non-Hispanic whites were more likely to be high wage earners. Twenty-three percent or 18.5 million were in the high-wage group in 2005, higher than expected considering the slower population increase among whites, smaller shares of whites in the work force and a smaller high-wage group.

"There seems to be room for everybody," Kochar said noting the progress among immigrant workers and no significant drops among other groups of workers.

Steve Camarota, research director for the Center for Immigration Studies, agreed the progress is good news. But Camarota, whose group favors tighter immigration restrictions, questioned whether the United States needs a lot of low-income wage earners.

"It seems we have a glut already," he said.