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| Science |
| 翻譯訂China Post 輕鬆讀 Guide Post 網路價 半年只要 2,700 !! 訂閱 猿猴專用的 iPad 平板電腦 這對八歲的雙胞胎對自己的 iPad 平板電腦愛不釋手。他們會用它畫畫、玩遊戲,並認識更多字彙。他們家族裡的青少年也很喜歡手持的平板電腦,可是家族長輩卻一點興趣也沒有。
美國邁阿密叢林島動物園裡的紅毛猩猩對科技產物的反應,顯然和人類如出一轍。該動物園是目前用電腦與猿猴進行實驗的若干動物園之一,園方讓六隻紅毛猩猩用 iPad 溝通,以此作為心理刺激研究計畫的一環。監督這項計畫的琳達雅各布斯希望這些科技產品能拉近人類與這些瀕危猿猴之間的距離。 雅各布斯表示:「年輕的紅毛猩猩會接下 iPad。牠們懂它,就好像在說:『哦,我知道要怎麼用這個東西。』但是,動物園裡兩隻年長的紅毛猩猩卻毫無興趣。我認為牠們在想:『沒有 iPad 我還不是活得好好的,所以我不需要電腦。』」 雅各布斯表示,她採納了曾用 iPad 與海豚進行實驗的人的建議,從去年夏天開始讓紅毛猩猩使用 iPad。所使用的軟體原本是為自閉症病患所設計,螢幕會顯示各種物體的圖片;接著,一名訓練員會命名其中一樣物體,然後紅毛猩猩得按下相對應的按鈕。 她表示,這些科技產品對叢林島動物園施行在紅毛猩猩身上的刺激計畫大有助益。管理人員長久以來都用手語和牠們溝通。利用雙手,紅毛猩猩們可以回答簡單的問題、指認物體,並表達牠們想要或需要什麼。這些猿猴也能分辨身體部位,協助訓練員照顧牠們,並幫牠們打針。 雅各布斯在談到和紅毛猩猩溝通的必要性時表示:「我們可以每天徹底監測牠們的健康狀況。我們能每天做檢查。如果有紅毛猩猩覺得不舒服,我們立刻就能知道。」 儘管雅各布斯與其他訓練員和紅毛猩猩們培養出了十分密切的關係,iPad 與其他觸控式螢幕的電腦也能讓牠們與未受過猩猩手語訓練的人有溝通的機會。雅各布斯表示:「有這樣的溝通橋樑實在太棒了,這能讓其他人打從心底喜歡牠們。」 紅毛猩猩十分聰明,可是生理機制卻限制了牠們的說話能力。雅各布斯表示:「某方面來說,牠們被困在自己的身體內。牠們具有溝通所需要的智力,可是卻沒有適合的身體構造,因為牠們沒有喉頭或聲帶。所以,這種裝置讓我們了解牠們知道什麼、具有什麼能力、以及想要什麼。」 | |||
| iPads for apes | |||||
| The 8-year-old twins love their iPad. They draw, play games and expand their vocabulary. Their family's teenagers also like the handheld computer tablets, but the clan's elders show no interest.
The orangutans at Miami's Jungle Island apparently are just like people when it comes to technology. The park is one of several zoos experimenting with computers and apes, letting its six orangutans use an iPad to communicate and as part of a mental stimulus program. Linda Jacobs, who oversees the program, hopes the devices will eventually help bridge the gap between humans and the endangered apes. "Our younger ones pick it up. They understand it. It's like, 'Oh, I get this,'" Jacobs said. "Our two older ones, they just are not interested. I think they just think, 'I've gotten along just fine without this iPad, so I don't need a computer.'" Jacobs said she began letting the orangutans use iPads last summer, based on the suggestion of someone who had used the devices with dolphins. The software was originally designed for humans with autism and the screen displays pictures of various objects. A trainer then names one of the objects, and the ape presses the corresponding button. The devices have been an outstanding addition to the enrichment programs Jungle Island already does with the orangutans, Jacobs said. Keepers have long used sign language to communicate with them. Using their hands, the orangutans can respond to simple questions, identify objects and express their wants or needs. The apes can also identify body parts, helping the trainers care for them and even give them shots. "We're able to really monitor their health on a daily basis," Jacobs said of the need for communication with the orangutans. "We can do daily checks. If somebody's not feeling well, we know it immediately." While Jacobs and other trainers have developed strong relationships with the orangutans, the iPad and other touch-screen computers offer an opportunity for them to communicate with people not trained in their sign language. "It would just be such a wonderful bridge to have," Jacobs said. "It would allow other people to really appreciate them." Orangutans are extremely intelligent but limited by their physical inability to talk. "They are sort of trapped in those bodies," Jacobs said. "They have the intelligence that they need to communicate, but they don't have the right equipment, because they don't have voice boxes or vocal chords. So this gives them a way to let us know what they know, what they are capable of or what they would like to have." | |||||
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