Mexico party opens door to tax, energy changes

PRI delegates at a congress in Mexico City voted to change the party's position on refusing to consider the imposition of a value-added tax on food and medicine, and giving the party scope to open up Pemex to more private capital.

President Enrique Pena Nieto wanted the changes, which run contrary to many old tenets of the PRI, so he would have more room to maneuver in boosting Mexico's low tax take and revamping its flagging oil industry.

PRI Congressman Javier Trevino said the changes would allow Mexico to modernize its tax system and energy sector, and give it a chance to devote more resources to helping the poor.

“This is a good signal,” he said, adding the modifications would allow the PRI to push for constitutional changes to entice foreign investors to the energy sector.

The centrist PRI lacks a majority in Congress, and is likely to face months of tough negotiation before it can lay out detailed plans on tax and energy reform. Those measures are expected to be presented in the second half of this year.

No party has had a majority in Congress since 1997, hindering efforts to enact major change on tax and energy law.

But Pena Nieto surprised many critics when he unveiled a broad pact with the main opposition parties to work together on economic reform shortly after he took office in December.

PRI financial experts are looking at ways of raising the Mexican tax take — currently the lowest in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development as a proportion of gross domestic product — by up to 6 points of GDP.

Applying VAT to food and medicine is controversial because the burden would fall most heavily on the poor, about half the country's population. PRI lawmakers say a large chunk of any additional revenue generated must go toward helping the poor.

One option under discussion is applying a reduced rate of VAT on food and medicine. But even if the full rate of 16 percent were levied, it would only boost the tax take by about 1 percentage point of GDP.

In its revised platform, the PRI agreed the state would remain in control of Mexico's energy resources. But it added a section saying it would “design mechanisms to generate greater private-sector participation in energy production.”

“But this isn't giving oil to foreigners,” said Eduardo Bernal, a PRI delegate at the congress.

Cutting fiscal loopholes, getting the millions of workers in the underground economy — nearly a third of the labor force — to pay taxes and improving states' tax-raising ability are among the measures the government is weighing to increase revenues.

The PRI, which ruled Mexico from 1929 to 2000 before regaining power last year, blocked efforts by the conservative National Action Party, or PAN, to extend the VAT to food and medicine during the previous 12 years.

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